Fig. 12: SMD alleviates HUA-induced renal injury through regulating gut dysbiosis and decreasing gut-derived uremic toxins.

Flowchart depicting the integrated analyses of fecal metagenome, fecal and kidney metabolome, and fecal microbiota transplantation and in virtro experiments employed in this study. Mechanistically, SMD alleviates HUA-induced renal injury through regulating gut dysbiosis and decreasing gut-derived uremic toxins.