Table 10 Past studies in night shift workers assessing breast cancer risk (from 1996 to 2019)
From: Night shift work and breast cancer: from etiopathology to precision risk analysis
Study | BC Risk Outcome (associated with NSW) | BC Risk Direction | Year | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Norwegian radio/telegraph operators | Age ≥50: OR = 4.3 (0.7–26); small n, wide CI | Positive (↑) | 1996 | |
US Cancer Surveillance System | Ever NS: OR = 1.6 (95% CI: 1.0–2.5). Dose-response with duration/intensity | Positive (↑) | 2001 | |
US LIBCSP Study | Ever NS: OR = 0.55 (95% CI: 0.32–0.94); inverse association, small n, potential bias | Negative (↓) | 2006 | |
Norwegian nurses | Long-term NS ≥ 30 yrs: OR = 2.21 (1.10–4.45) | Positive (↑) | 2006 | |
Shanghai (China) Women’s Cohort | HR = 1.0 (JEM), HR = 0.9 (self-report) | Null (–) | 2010 | |
Norwegian follow-up studies | ≥5 yrs with ≥6 consecutive NS: elevated risk. ≥12 yrs NS: OR = 1.3; ≥30 yrs, ≥3 shifts/month: OR = 0.8 | Mixed | 2011 | |
Danish nurses | Ever rotating NS: OR = 1.8; permanent + rotating: OR = 2.9; ≥20 yrs: OR = 2.1 | Positive (↑) | 2012 | |
Military women | Ever NS: OR = 1.4; ≥3 NS/week for ≥15 yrs: OR = 2.5 | Positive (↑) | 2012 | |
Norwegian follow-up studies | ≥5 yrs with ≥6 consecutive NS: elevated risk. ≥12 yrs NS: OR = 1.3; ≥30 yrs, ≥3 shifts/month: OR = 0.8 | Mixed | 2013 | |
Swedish WOLF cohort | NS vs day: HR = 2.02 (1.03–3.95); small cases | Positive (↑) | 2013 | |
GENICA study | CLOCK gene AA vs GG among NS: OR = 3.53 (95% CI: 1.09–11.42); small n, tentative | Positive (↑) | 2014 | |
Dutch National Cohort | Null or slightly decreased risk | Null (–) | 2014 | |
Guangzhou (China) Cohort | Ever NS: OR = 1.34 (95% CI: 1.05–1.72) | Positive (↑) | 2015 | |
Shanghai (China) Textile Workers | >28 yrs NS: HR = 0.88; >2,880 NS: HR = 0.89 | Null (–) | 2015 | |
Swedish Twin Cohort | Ever NS: HR = 0.94; 21–45 yrs: HR = 1.68 (0.98–2.88) | Null (–) | 2015 | |
UK Million Women Study | Ever NS: RR = 1.00 (0.92–1.08); no trend by duration | Null (–) | 2016 | |
US NHS II | ≥20 yrs cumulative NS: HR = 1.40; baseline: HR = 2.15; ER-/PR+ tumors: HR = 1.62 | Positive (↑) | 2017 | |
US NHS I | ≥30 yrs NS: HR = 0.95 | Null (–) | 2017 | |
BCEES, CBCS, CECILE, GENICA, MCC Studies | Ever NS: OR = 1.12 (1.00–1.25); recent exposure (0–2 yrs): OR = 1.26; ≥20 h/week: OR = 1.28; premenopausal ≥3 NS/week: OR = 1.80 | Positive (↑) | 2018 | |
Jinjiang (China) Cohort | NS workers: OR = 1.38 (95% CI: 1.04–2.71); dose-response with cumulative hour-years: OR = 1.15 per hour-year | Positive (↑) | 2019 | |
Danish payroll-based cohort | Ever NS: RR = 0.90; weak elevation in HER2 + BC | Mixed | 2019 | |
UK Generations Study | Past 10 yrs NS: HR = 1.00; no association with duration | Null (–) | 2019 |
