Fig. 3: The nanofiller effect on the breakdown process of polymer nanocomposites.
From: Designing polymer nanocomposites with high energy density using machine learning
Microstructural diagrams of polymer nanocomposites with (a) random nanoparticles, (b) vertical nanofibers, (c) parallel nanofibers, (d) vertical nanosheets, and (e) parallel nanosheets at the volume fraction of 1%. (f–o) Corresponding breakdown paths under different electric fields along the cross-section. (p–t) The distributions of the local electric field \(E_{\mathrm{z}}^{{\mathrm{local}}}/E_z^{{\mathrm{app}}}\). (u–w) Illustrations of possible electron avalanche modes in different polymer nanocomposites.
