Table 1 Dimerisation. Energy difference and summed atomic displacements (ΣDisp.) between the ground statea identified by our method and the metastable configurationb found when relaxing the ideal, undistorted defect structure (i.e., ΔE = Eground − Emetastable). The column ‘Prev. reported?’ indicates whether the identified configuration is only found with our method (‘Previously Unreported’) or had been reported previously by the referenced study.

From: Identifying the ground state structures of point defects in solids

Cation-cation

Defect

Material

Charge

ΔE (eV)

ΣDisp. (Å)

Prev. reported?

VTe

CdTe

0

−0.42

6.0

118

Sbi

Sb2S3

−3

−0.46

12.8

Previously Unreported

Anion-anion

Defect

Material

Charge

ΔE (eV)

ΣDisp. (Å)

Prev. reported?

VCd

CdTe

0

−0.50

6.1

5,10

VSb,1

Sb2Se3

−1

−0.66

8.2

Previously Unreported

  

0

−0.78

8.7

 
  

+1

−0.84

8.9

 
  

+2

−2.02

12.8

 

VSb,2

Sb2Se3

−1

−0.80

7.2

Previously Unreported

  

0

−0.91

9.0

 
  

+1

−2.10

14.7

 
  

+2

−2.15

16.6

 

VSb,1

Sb2S3

−1

−0.80

9.9

Previously Unreported

  

0

−1.03

9.0

 
  

+1

−2.31

11.8

 
  

+2

−2.03

24.3

 

VSb,2

Sb2S3

−1

−0.99

8.9

Previously Unreported

  

0

−1.10

12.2

 
  

+1

−2.50

12.8

 
  

+2

−2.59

21.9

 

Si

Sb2S3

−1

−0.54

9.4

Previously Unreported

Oi

In2O3

0

−1.47

1.6

29

  

+1

−2.44

3.4

 

Oi

ZnO

0

−1.87

4.3

30

  

+1

−2.22

3.9

 

Oi

a-TiO2

0

−2.23

3.1

31

  

+1

−1.99

3.2

 
  1. a‘Ground state’ refers to the lowest-energy known structure throughout.
  2. bMetastable and ground state structures with bond distance labelling shown in Supplementary Figs. 1012.