Fig. 4: Mechanical behavior of encapsulation barrier and OLED patches measured using the water-based tensile method.

a Sample preparation and transfer process for freestanding tensile on water. b Elongation of various ATN barriers. c Changes in average elongation before and after exposure under 60 °C /90% RH for ATN10, ATN3, and ATN1 barriers. d Comparison of elongation of A/S, aged A/S, and (aged A)/S samples to verify improvement in environmental stability by silamer. e Maximum elongation values of various encapsulation multi-barrier structures. f Stress-strain curves of PSNSN/OLED/NSNS and OLED patch structures. g A schematic explaining the mechanical behavior of SNSNS and SNS structures after post-crack onset strain. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3) or as averages of three results.