Fig. 5: Classification of the severity of COPD exacerbations. | npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine

Fig. 5: Classification of the severity of COPD exacerbations.

From: Gold 2023: Highlights for primary care

Fig. 5: Classification of the severity of COPD exacerbations.

Definition of abbreviations: VAS: visual analog scale; RR: respiratory rate; HR: heart rate; CRP: C-reactive protein. SaO2: arterial oxygen saturation; PaO2: arterial partial pressure of oxygen; ABG: arterial blood gases; ABG should show new onset/worsening hypercapnia or acidosis since a few patients may have chronic hypercapnia. Adapted from ref. 68. Reproduced with permission from www.goldcopd.org.

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