Fig. 4: Adsorption Isotherms.

a Adsorption isotherms of HEDP on Fe3O4 NPs the isotherm models fitting under different temperatures. b Adsorption Isotherms of PO43− on Fe3O4 NPs the isotherm models fitting under different temperatures. c The adsorption isotherms of HEDP and in single and binary systems. d The adsorption isotherms of PO43− and in single and binary systems (Test conditions: Fe3O4 NPs = 0.4 g/L, initial pH = 7, T = 298 K, 308 K and 318 K, t = 12 h, HEDP or/and PO43− = 1 mg-P/L).