Extended Data Fig. 8: HRD with custom MESA models demonstrating the impact of enhanced mixing about the He burning core.
From: Discovery of a transitional type of evolved massive star with a hard ionizing flux

The derived positions of our sample stars compared to tracks from custom MESA calculations without (left) and with (right) overshooting during the core-He burning. The models also use an increased mass loss in the cool star regime to remove a substantial part of the envelope which otherwise employ the standard ‘Dutch’ prescription. The surface composition is indicated by the track color and dots mark steps of 30 kyr.