Extended Data Fig. 10: Clinical relevance of the APCPIWIL1-Pinin axis in PDAC patients.
a, Comparison of PIWIL1 staining intensity between early and late stages of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM). Representative images of Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), α-Amylase, CK19 or PIWIL1 immunohistochemical staining (brown) of pancreas sections of chronic pancreatitis specimens without ADM (top), or with ADM at early (middle) or late stages (bottom), respectively. Magnification for pancreas sections, 40×; scale bars, 100 µm. b, Kaplan–Meier curves for overall survival analysis of the 30 patients recruited to our study with PIWIL1 (top) or Pinin expression (bottom), respectively. c, PIWIL1 and Pinin immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of serial sections from human primary PDAC tumor (middle panels), paired adjacent normal tissue (top panels) and liver metastatic nodule (bottom panels) from the 7 patients that showed liver metastasis after surgery. Scale bar, 100 μm. Bottom panels in each row showing an enlargement of black framed region on the top. d, Comparison of PIWIL1 (left) and Pinin IHC staining intensity (right) between primary PDAC tumor and paired liver metastatic nodule sections from the 7 patients. The positively stained cells were analyzed and the average values of staining intensity were calculated using Image-Pro Plus software, and then normalized with those in paired adjacent normal tissues. Results shown in a–d are representative of three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using two-tailed Student t test. Statistical source data are provided in Statistical Source Data Extended Data Fig. 10.
