Extended Data Fig. 3: Characterization of transcriptional changes in patient samples.

a, DEGs between patient and control samples in all 21 cell types from the snRNA-seq. Upregulated genes (one-tailed MAST model Padj < 0.05 and log2(fold change) > 0.25) and downregulated genes (one-tailed MAST model Padj < 0.05 and log2(fold change) < −0.25) are displayed in red and blue, respectively. b, Immunohistochemistry staining (left) and the corresponding H-score (right) of The DEGs PAPPA and FLNB in placenta and decidua tissue. Scale bars, 50 µm. Each dot in the bar chart represents a sample (PAPPA, n = 7 for patient and n = 5 for control; FLNB, n = 7 for patient and n = 7 for control). Data are presented as the mean with error bars showing the s.e.m.; P values were calculated using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. c, Boxplots showing the bulk RNA-seq FPKM signal of DEGs defined by the snRNA-seq for all samples. Each dot represents a sample (n = 7 for both patient and control); a two-tailed Wald test Padj was calculated from DESeq2. The centre and bounds of boxes indicate the median and quartile of all data points, respectively. The minima and maxima of whiskers indicate quartile 1 − 1.5× the interquartile range and quartile 3 + 1.5× the interquartile range, respectively. d, Expression of IFI6 (top) and VEGFA (bottom) for each cell type from the snRNA-seq calculated by Seurat.