Fig. 3: Prolonged symmetric cell divisions in organoids.
From: Cerebral organoids display dynamic clonal growth and tunable tissue replenishment
a, Scheme of barcoded lineage tracing scRNA-seq experiment. b–d, UMAPs of day 42 organoid cells in scRNA-seq indicating cell types (b), select markers for cell type annotation (c) and cell classifications in S + A and N cells (d) (n = 2 organoids as biological replicates from 1 differentiation experiment). e,f, Lineage size rank plots for day 42 organoids 1 (e) and 2 (f) from barcoded scRNA-seq. Insets show cell distribution of the three largest lineages per organoid overlaid on UMAP. g,h, Immunofluorescent characterization of cerebral organoids at day 40 for nuclei (DAPI), incorprated BrdU (1 h pulse 24 h prior to fixation), dividing cells (pVIM, Ser 82) and neural stem cells (SOX2). Overview (g) and individual example 1 (h). For additional examples see Extended Data Fig. 6. i,j, Cell fate mapping of dividing radial glia. Example of a dividing cell at the ventricular surface of day 42 organoids (i) followed by staining for markers of radial glia (SOX2), IPs (EOMES) and neurons (NEUROD2) (j). k–m, Quantification of cell divisions analysed by division type. Symmetric proliferative and neurogenic divisions (k), subset of neurogenic divisions into self-consuming and self-renewing divisions (l) and subset self-renewing neurogenic divisions into direct and indirect divisions (m) (n = 195 cell divisions from 4 organoids as biological replicates from 2 differentiation experiments). Data points represent mean ± s.d.
