Fig. 6: Effect of DR followed by RF on intestinal epithelium regeneration.

a, A heat map of fold changes (log₂FC) for significantly affected proteins (absolute log₂FC >0.3 and q < 0.05) related to proteostasis from aged mice after DR or DR + RF treatments. UPS, ubiquitin proteasome system. n = 4 mice per group. b, The levels of total and hypusinated EIF5A from aged mice at different days after RF, quantified by immunoblot (Extended Data Fig. 6b). c, The correlation between hypusinated EIF5A and polyamines levels measured on the same intestinal crypt samples from aged mice that underwent DR followed by different days of RF. The R values represent Pearson correlation coefficient, and the P values are the result of the association test between the variables based on Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient. d, The scheme of AL, DR and DR + RF treatments prior PBS or 5-FU injection. e, The relative average body weight changes after 5-FU. The body weight of each mouse was normalized to its body weight at the time of injection. For each timepoint, the average body weight of the vehicle treated group was subtracted from the average body weight of the 5-FU one. Each dot represents the daily average body weight change after 5-FU, n = 6. The averages were obtained from n = 16 PBS, n = 15 5-FU AL, n = 4 PBS, n = 6 5-FU DR, n = 5 PBS, n = 7 5-FU RF young mice and n = 17 PBS, n = 15 5-FU AL, n = 10 PBS, n = 16 5-FU DR, n = 7 PBS, n = 17 5-FU RF old mice. The P value was calculated by the two-tailed Welch’s t-test. f, The daily relative body weight changes induced by 5-FU in young (left) and old (right) mice. The body weights were calculated as in e. The P value was calculated using two-way ANOVA for overall day and treatment comparisons. The data in a are from ref. ³⁰.

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