Extended Data Fig. 5: PCR-based validation of female-specific regions in P. yessoensis.

(a) The gonad morphology for 100 assayed females and males. (b, c) PCR products amplified using two sets of female-specific primer pairs (P11 and P14) for 100 female and male individuals sampled from Dalian (Liaoning, P.R China) and 100 individuals sampled from Yantai (Shandong, P.R China). Additional full-scan images are provided in Source Data Extended Fig. 5. Each PCR was repeated twice independently.