Fig. 5: Latent state-trait model estimates and correlations between latent traits across tasks.

a, Mean estimates from latent state-trait models for phases 1 and 2 with 95% CrI based on data from n = 43 participants. Consistency refers to the proportion of (measurement-error-free) variance in performance explained by stable trait differences. Occasion specificity refers to the proportion of true variance explained by variable state residuals. Reliability refers to the proportion of true score variance to variance in raw scores. For inference by exclusion, different shapes show estimates for different parts of phase 2 (see main text for details). b, Correlations between latent traits based on pairwise latent state-trait models between tasks with 95% CrI. Bold correlations have CrI not overlapping with zero. Inference by exclusion has one value per part in phase 2. The models for quantity discrimination and direct causal inference showed a poor fit and are not reported here (see Supplementary Material for details).