Extended Data Fig. 4: Soapberry bug beak length before and after hurricane.

Line plots illustrating hurricane-associated beak length changes of soapberry bugs at flooded (left) and control sites (right). Insect beak lengths are compared pre- and post-hurricane with the pink column in the middle marking the timing of Hurricane Harvey. Each coloured line represents an individual sampling site. The colour of each line represents the host association with Cardiospermum (green), Sapindus (orange) and Koelreuteria (blue). Box plots on left (pre-hurricane) and right (post-hurricane) illustrate the overall median, first and third quartile, 95% confidence intervals and outliers. Bars with asterisk indicate levels of significance per two-tailed Welch’s test with (*) <0.05 and (***) <0.001, with test statistics provided at the top of each panel. Sample sizes in grey. Plots are aligned by horizontally by sex and wing form to account for previously demonstrated dimorphic differences in beak length (see Extended Data Fig. 3).