Extended Data Fig. 5: Host plant-associated beak length before hurricane.

Boxplot of host-associated beak lengths from soapberry bugs collected before the hurricane. Insect beak lengths are compared between host association denoted by colour with Cardiospermum (green), Koelreuteria (blue) and Sapindus (orange) and separated by sex (females – top; males – bottom) and wing form (macropterous – left; brachypterous – right; see Extended Data Fig. 3). Model selection using linear mixed models suggest that sex, wing form and host association are all important predictors of insect beak length (LMM: F _{(2, 1079)} = 2.88, P = 0.057; Supplementary Table 16). The upper and lower boxes indicate the first and third quartile, the midline indicates the median value and the whiskers show the 95% confidence intervals with dots as outliers. Boxes labelled with different letters are significantly different (Tukey’s test: P < 0.05, see Supplementary Table 17). Sample sizes in grey within panels.