Extended Data Table 7 Results for linear mixed model assessing whether different callers use similar labels for same receiver

From: African elephants address one another with individually specific name-like calls

  1. Each observation was a pair of calls and the response variable was rank-transformed proximity score. Different Caller Pair Type = whether the two calls in a pair had different callers and the same receiver (reference level) or different callers and different receivers; Same Relationship, Same Context, Same Date, and Pair ID same as in Extended Data Tables 4 and 6. Pairs of calls recorded from different groups and levels of Pair ID that only occurred once were excluded (n = 693 call pairs with same receiver, 7522 with different receivers). P-values are two-tailed.