Fig. 4: Drivers of extinction vary across morphospace and the avian tree of life.
From: Threat reduction must be coupled with targeted recovery programmes to conserve global bird diversity
a, Posterior values from a multi-response MCMCglmm showing the relationships between pPC values and the frequency (from 1,000 iterations across 9,873 species) in which extinction was avoided under driver-specific complete abatement scenarios. pPC1 is a descriptor of body size, pPC2 is associated with wing morphology and pPC3 is associated with beak and tail morphology (Supplementary Table 3). Least Concern species were not included in the extinction risk model, as improvements under driver-specific complete abatement could not occur by definition. b, Distribution of drivers of extinction with respect to phylogeny, shown by family (9,873 species across 194 families, of which threat information was included for 2,087 Near Threatened and threatened species), with the intensity of colour reflecting the proportion of species in a family affected by each driver (families including only Least Concern or Data Deficient species are shaded white). All silhouettes are from Phylopic. In a (left to right): T. hiemalis (Andy Wilson, CC0 1.0), S. camelus (Darren Naish and T. Michael Keesey, CC BY 3.0), Apteryx (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), A. apus (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), Pelecanus (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), Menura (T. Michael Keesey, CC0 1.0). In b (left to right): Falconiformes (Kai Caspar, CC0 1.0), Coraciiformes (Estelle Bourdon, CC0 1.0), Piciformes (Federico Degrange, CC0 1.0), Bucerotiformes (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), Charadriiformes (Auckland Museum, CC BY 3.0), Apodiformes (Andy Wilson, CC0 1.0), Passeriformes (Andy Wilson, CC0 1.0), Eurypygiformes (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), Pelecaniformes (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), Suliformes (Juan Carlos Jerí, CC0 1.0), Procellariiformes (Louis Ranjard, CC BY 3.0), Musophagiformes (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), Gruiformes (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), Phoenicopteriformes (T. Michael Keesey, PDM 1.0), Mesitornithiformes (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0), Galliformes (Elisabeth Östman, PDM 1.0), Anseriformes (Rebecca Groom, CC BY 3.0), Apterygiformes (Ferran Sayol, CC0 1.0) and Tinamiformes (Darren Naish and T. Michael Keesey, CC BY 3.0).
