Fig. 3: Nestedness of bee communities across sites of increasing pesticide hazards versus decreasing proportions of SNH.
From: Pesticides and habitat loss additively reduce wild bees in crop fields
a, WNODF values along increasing HQ were significantly larger than zero (two-sided one-sample t-test: mean WNODF = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.31–1.84; t = 2.96, n = 19, P = 0.008). b, WNODF values along decreasing SNH proportions were not significantly different from zero (two-sided one-sample t-test: mean WNODF = 0.61, 95% CI = −0.06–1.27; t = 1.86, n = 26; P = 0.074). c, Pesticide hazard generally contributed more to nestedness than SNH loss when the two WNODF values obtained per study were compared (two-sided paired Wilcoxon test: n = 19 pairs, P = 0.014). WNODF is calculated across gradients of several locations. Therefore, each data point represents a nestedness measure from a single study. Boxplots show the median (line), interquartile range (box; 25th–75th percentiles) and range (whiskers).
