Table 1 Antibiotics used in this study

From: ESKAPE pathogens rapidly develop resistance against antibiotics in development in vitro

Antibiotic

Abbreviation

Antibiotic class

Generation

Date of approval/clinical phase

Omadacycline

OMA

Tetracyclines

Recent

2018

Eravacycline

ERA

Recent

2018

Doxycycline

DOX

Control

1967

Ceftobiprole

CTO

Cephalosporins

Recent

2019

Cefiderocol

CID

Recent

2019

Cefepime

CEP

Control

1994

Delafloxacina

DEL

Topoisomerase inhibitors

Recent

2017

Gepotidacina

GEP

Recent

Phase 3

Zoliflodacin

ZOL

Recent

Phase 3

Moxifloxacina

MOX

Control

1999

Apramycin

APR

Aminoglycosides

Recent

Phase 1

Gentamicin

GEN

Control

1964

Sulopenem

SUO

Carbapenems

Recent

Phase 3

Meropenem

MER

Control

1996

Tridecaptin M152-P3a

TRD

Membrane-targeting

Recent

Preclinical

POL-7306a

POL

Recent

Preclinical

SCH-79797a

SCH

Recent

Preclinical

SPR-206

SPR

Recent

Phase 1

Polymyxin B

PMB

Control

1964

  1. This table shows the antibiotics used in this study, including control and recent antibiotics. Notably, apramycin sulfate has been used in veterinary medicine for more than 10 years; its current focus lies in clinical trials for the treatment of systemic Gram-negative bacterial infections in humans.
  2. aMultitarget antibiotics.