Extended Data Fig. 1: The variation in kidney function explained by host characteristics.

The bars represented the proportion of variation in eGFR (a) and impaired kidney function (b) explained by host characteristics and gut microbiome. The R2 was calculated using a univariate linear regression, with each explanatory variable analyzed separately in individual models. P values were not adjusted for multiple comparisons. All statistical tests were two-sided. The eGFR was calculated by using the 2012 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation based on creatinine and cystatin C. Impaired kidney function was defined as eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Participants with impaired kidney function, n = 328; Participants with normal kidney function, n = 1,222. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. BMI, body mass index. Medication Use, whether people have had at least five types of drugs. TG, triglyceride. HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. PCo, principal coordinates.