Fig. 2: TRS breaking by the optical Stark and Bloch–Siegert effects. | Nature Photonics

Fig. 2: TRS breaking by the optical Stark and Bloch–Siegert effects.

From: Nonlinear valley selection rules and all-optical probe of broken time-reversal symmetry in monolayer WSe2

Fig. 2

a, A linearly polarized FB opens the gap in both valleys by the optical Stark and Bloch–Siegert shifts, interacting equally with the +K and −K valleys. This preserves TRS, namely, E↑(+K) = E↓(−K). b, A right-circularly polarized FB opens different gaps by the optical Stark and Bloch–Siegert shifts in the +K and −K valleys, respectively, leading to the breaking of TRS: E↑(+K) ≠ E↓(−K).

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