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The emergence of MARUbe — a hybrid ADP-ribose–ubiquitin modification

Evidence is mounting that crosstalk between ubiquitylation and ADP-ribosylation is crucial for maintaining proteostasis. Recent studies have revealed that mono(ADP-ribose) can recruit and activate specific ubiquitin E3 ligases. In this Comment, we discuss MARUbylation — the (literal) linking of mono(ADP-ribose) and ubiquitin into a distinct new hybrid modification.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (2R01NS088629 to M.S.C.) and by the US National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R35GM142486 to J.N.P.).

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Correspondence to Jonathan N. Pruneda, Roko Žaja, Michael S. Cohen or Karla L. H. Feijs-Žaja.

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Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology thanks the anonymous reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.

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Pruneda, J.N., Žaja, R., Cohen, M.S. et al. The emergence of MARUbe — a hybrid ADP-ribose–ubiquitin modification. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 26, 820–821 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-025-00903-7

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