Extended Data Fig. 12: NLS-CPP-WSTF peptide reduced chronic inflammation in osteoarthritis.
From: WSTF nuclear autophagy regulates chronic but not acute inflammation
a and b, IHC analyses for IL6, IL8, and MMP13 using ex vivo cultured cartilage explants. Quantification is shown in b. n = 3; data were from four randomly selected fields for each human sample. Results are presented as mean values with s.e.m. and exact P values. Statistical analysis was conducted using two-tailed Student’s t-test. c, Scheme of experimental design to test NLS-CPPs in chondrocytes of the damaged articular cartilage explants from OA patients. d, Immunoblotting analysis of cytokine levels in the culture media of chondrocytes using indicated antibodies. e and f, MMP13 staining of the cultured chondrocytes. Quantification is shown in f. Results are presented as mean values with s.d. and exact P values; n = 3 biologically independent samples; data were from four randomly selected fields for each sample. Statistical analysis was conducted using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test. g, Mice cartilages undergone sham or OA surgery were stained with WSTF and LAMP1 antibodies and analysed by a confocal microscopy. WSTF signals in the OA group were deliberately overexposed to show the colocalization with LAMP1, highlighted by arrows. h, Related to Fig. 5d, additional representative images of IHC for cytokine staining in cartilages using indicated antibodies. Scale bar: 20 μm. i, Related to Fig. 5f, representative images of safranin O staining to evaluate cartilage damage. Scale bar: 200 μm. The diagram in panel c was created in BioRender. Wang, Y. (2025) https://BioRender.com/0ra48xg.
