Fig. 5: PCoA of GO terms and Pfam domains associated with novel genes in semi- and fully terrestrial species.
From: Convergent genome evolution shaped the emergence of terrestrial animals
a, PCoA of Jaccard dissimilarities based on GO terms presence/absence profiles. b, PCoA of Jaccard dissimilarities based on Pfams presence/absence profiles. Each dot represents 1 of the 61 sampled terrestrial species, coloured by taxonomic group as indicated in the legend. Distances between dots correspond to Jaccard dissimilarities. Statistical ellipses highlight the semi-terrestrial group (orange; including Bdelloidea, Clitellata, Nematoda, Tardigrada and Onychophora) and the fully terrestrial group (green; including Stylommatophora, Arachnida, Myriapoda, Armadillidium, Hexapoda and Tetrapoda). Ellipses were generated using normal distribution parameters to visualize clustering patterns of taxonomic groups (95% confidence). The two axes represent the first two principal coordinates (PCoA1 and PCoA2) with their respective explained percentages of variation. Group separation was tested with PERMANOVA, which showed the significant differences between semi- and fully terrestrial groups for GO terms (R2 = 0.0995, P < 0.01) and Pfam domains (R2 = 0.0992, P < 0.01). Group dispersions did not differ (GOs: P = 0.128; Pfams: P = 0.064). Approaches for functional annotations are described in the Methods.
