Fig. 3: Spillover effect sizes across Australia.
From: Protected area management has significant spillover effects on vegetation
a, Variation in spillover effect sizes across Australia. The map shows the locations of protected areas and their effect size on the 0–5 km band, for positive effect sizes greater than 0.1. Each point marks the centroid of a protected area (shown behind in the same colour as the centroid; for smaller PAs, only the centroid is visible). Locations with higher positive spillovers are shown in red or dark blue. Smaller protected areas are clustered nearer to the coasts; no other obvious geographic pattern is immediately evident in spillover effect sizes. b, An example of spillover for an isolated protected area. Mount Armour Nature Refuge in Queensland (about 500 km west of Brisbane, Queensland, indicated approximately by the red star in the inset map of Australia) shows positive vegetation spillover (more forest than expected by chance) for class X27 in the 0–5 km band, relative to a counterfactual based on data from sampling polygons more than 50 km from the protected area boundary. Vegetation in class X27 is coloured green; all other land cover classes are coloured pale yellow. The pink circle is the centroid of the protected area, as depicted in panel a, and the protected area is drawn with a black boundary and cross-hatched fill. The pale blue buffer line indicates the edge of the 5 km spillover zone.
