Extended Data Fig. 14: Dietary depletion of serine and glycine alters tissue metabolite levels and site-specific metastasis.
From: Nutrient requirements of organ-specific metastasis in breast cancer
a, Volcano plot of plasma metabolite changes in female NSG mice fed a control (Ctrl) or serine/glycine-deficient (-SG) diet for 15 days. Significance was defined as fold change ≥ 2 with P < 0.05 by two-sided Welch’s t-test with unequal variance; n = 5 mice per group. b, Plasma concentrations of serine and glycine from (a). Data are mean ± SD; n = 5 per group. c-d, Principal component analysis (PCA) (c) and hierarchical clustering (d) of metabolites in brain, kidney, liver, and lung from Ctrl or -SG diet-fed mice. n = 5 per tissue per diet. Heatmap columns were z-score normalized. e, Volcano plots showing tissue metabolite differences between diets, thresholds as in (a). n = 5 per group. f, Normalized peak areas for serine and glycine in tissues from (e). Data are mean ± SEM. g, Body weight of mice maintained on Ctrl or -SG diet. HCC1806-Fluc cells were injected after 15 days, and mice remained on their respective diets until endpoint. Data are mean ± SEM; n = 10 per group. h, Whole-body bioluminescence imaging (BLI, photons/sec) of the same mice shown in (g) tracking metastatic progression. Final values correspond to endpoint when tissues were harvested. Data are mean ± SEM; n = 10 per group. i, Tissue-specific BLI at endpoint following intracardiac injection of HCC1806-Fluc cells in Ctrl or -SG diet-fed mice. Data are mean ± SEM; n = 10 per group (two bones, kidneys, or ovaries analyzed per mouse). Statistical significance for (b, f, i) was assessed by two-sided unpaired Welch’s t-test with Holm-Sidak multiple comparisons correction. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; ns, not significant. Exact P values (two-sided) are provided in Source Data. Experiments were performed once.
