Fig. 2: Representative loci with G×E interactions.
From: A cross-population compendium of gene–environment interactions
a,b, Urate levels across rs4148155 genotypes (the ABCG2 locus) and ‘meat and cheese’ consumption in UKB1 (a) and UKB2 (b). Dots show 5,000 randomly sampled individual measurements per genotype; lines represent the linear regression lines using all participants. c,d, AST (c) and haemoglobin (d) levels by rs671 genotypes (the ALDH2 locus) and drinking status in BBJ1. Boxplots show the median, quartiles and 1.5× interquartile range (see Supplementary Table 14 for exact P values). e, Schematic of the mechanisms of action for warfarin, natto (fermented soybean) and DOACs. The heart icon is from TogoTV (2016 DBCLS TogoTV, CC-BY-4.0). f, Heatmap of the arrhythmia prevalence in BBJ1. g, As in f, but stratified by arrhythmia subgroups. h, Natto intake before and after warfarin initiation in BBJ atrial fibrillation or flutter patients with ≥1 prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) record per year, considering that regular monitoring of PT-INR is required during warfarin therapy. i, Odds ratios of rs72900155 (the PITX2 locus) for arrhythmia stratified the natto intake frequency. N = 109,642 and 49,116 for natto-consuming and non-consuming participants in BBJ1, and N = 44,954 and 18,155 for those in BBJ2, respectively. Data are presented as estimated values with 95% confidence intervals (Firth logistic regression). j, Heatmap of the atrial fibrillation or flutter prevalence in BBJ2, stratified by warfarin and DOAC medication.
