Extended Data Fig. 7: Effect of ABO genotypes, blood type and secretor status on microbial diversity and gut levels of ABO-associated taxa.

(a) (left) Alpha diversity represented by Shannon indices; (right) beta diversity, represented by Bray-Curtis distances. Alpha and beta diversity were calculated from individual taxonomic profiles at the genus level. Individuals were segregated according to their predicted blood type and secretor status, both predicted from genotype data. (b) Abundances are compared across stratified groups of individuals from the FR02 cohort according to (left panel): ABO:rs545971 genotype and predicted secretor status (blue: secretor status conferred by FUT2 rs601338:GG/GA genotype; red: non-secretor status conferred by FUT2 rs601338:AA genotype) and (right panel) according to predicted A, AB, B and O blood types, and predicted secretor status. All statistical comparisons denote the p-values of Wilcoxon rank test on the distributions. (c) Effect of AB antigen secretion on gut microbial relative abundance, using the 2,801 taxa considered for GWAS in our study. Taxa with FDR adjusted p value <0.05 are highlighted in red. Red line indicates the expected distribution of p values under the null hypothesis. P values were calculated using Wilcoxon rank test. For all box plots (A and B), the central line, box and whiskers represent the median, interquartile range (IQR) and 1.5 times the IQR, respectively. Violin plots represent the distribution density of the data points.