Fig. 3: MSPA scores and statistical power to replicate as a function of pQTL rank.

a–g, Scatterplots of the power to replicate a pQTL from the deCODE SOMAscan (a) and the UKB-PPP Olink (e) studies against the ranks of the affinity proteomics pQTLs. Scatterplots of individual MSPA scores against the ranks of the affinity proteomics pQTLs of the deCODE SOMAscan (b) and the UKB-PPP Olink (f) studies, starting with the lowest P value: 120 out of 319 pQTLs (37.6%) for deCODE and 167 out of 392 pQTLs (42.6%) for UKB-PPP had >99% power at a significance level of P < 0.05/319 and P < 0.05/319 for SOMAscan and Olink, respectively, colored to indicate likely protein abundance QTLs (MSPA score >0.8; green) and likely epitope effect-driven pQTLs (MSPA score <0.2; red). MSPA scores were limited to 46 pQTLs that were reported on the same variant in deCODE (c) and UKB-PPP (g). Scatterplots of the effect size (β) of the 46 pQTLs reported deCODE and UKB-PPP (d) (plot data in Supplementary Tables 9, 10 and 12).