Extended Data Fig. 4: Suppressed T cells exhaustion by acrolein scavengers and expression level of Aldh2 in D1–D3.

(A) Frequencies of PD-1− Tim-3− and PD-1+ Tim-3+ cells among naïve-derived CD8+ T cells on day 8 of repetitive stimulation in the presence or absence of N-benzylhydroxylamine (NBHA) (n = 5 technical replicates). The control data are shared with those in Extended Data Fig. 3d to compare results under the same conditions in the same experiment, as supportive data. (B) Expression level of Aldh2 in D1–D3 of PD-1+ CD8+ T cells sorted from MC38 tumors on day 14, evaluated by scRNA-seq. Data are means ± SEMs (A). P values were determined using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests (A). ****P < 0.0001. Data are representative of two or more independent experiments with similar results, except (B).