Extended Data Fig. 10: Schema of large-scale assessment of peripheral blood leukocytes in autoimmune disorders versus healthy controls.

Schema describing the workflow and statistical meta-analysis for evaluating the enrichment of individual circulating leukocyte subsets in autoimmune disorders relative to healthy controls (Fig. 6; Methods). In brief, CIBERSORTx was applied to enumerate 15 leukocyte subsets in bulk RNA-seq or microarray profiles of peripheral blood samples from patients with either systemic lupus erythematosus^57,58,59 (SLE; n = 239) or inflammatory bowel disease^56,60,61 (IBD; n = 348) compared to healthy controls (Supplementary Table 20). For each dataset and cell subset, a two-sided, unpaired Wilcoxon rank sum test was applied to assess the difference in relative abundance between healthy and disease phenotypes. Results were subsequently combined across studies by meta-z statistics (Methods).