Extended Data Fig. 4: Performance of the CRANE model at slide-level.

The CRANE model was evaluated on the test set from the US (n = 995 WSIs, N = 336 patients) and two independent external cohorts from Turkey (n = 1,717, N = 585), and Switzerland (n = 123, N = 123). a. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the multi-task classification of EMB and grading at the slide-level. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) scores are reported together with the 95% CIs. b. The bar plots reflect the model accuracy for each task. Error bars (marked by the black lines) indicate 95% CIs while the center is always the computed value for each cohort (specified by the respective axis labels). The results suggest the ability of the CRANE model to generalize across diverse populations, and different scanners and staining protocols, without any domain-specific adaptations. Clinical deployment might benefit from the model’s fine-tuning with the local data and scanners.