Fig. 5: Current clinical scales and the KineDMD ethomic biomarker.

a–c, Longitudinal history of the 6MWD (a), NSAA (b) and PUL (c) scores of individuals with DMD from the KineDMD and Gemelli studies as a function of age plotted on the x axis. The score at the first visit of the individual (black dots) and subsequent visits (lines flowing from the dot) shows the evolution of the clinical scale of the individual across visits. The line is colored green if the clinical scale decreases between visits and red if the scale increases between visits. The blue line is the best-fit Gaussian process regression over the data (the blue shaded area represents the 95% confidence intervals of the fit). d, Plot of the KineDMD biomarker scale (solid blue line) along with the ethomic fingerprint-derived scores (lines flowing from the black dots) of the individuals with DMD from the KineDMD study as a function of age plotted on the x axis. e, Comparison of the KineDMD biomarker scale with an alternative quantification of disease progression in terms of actual muscle loss, as measured by a muscle MRI fat fraction of the vastus lateralis²³ (the orange curve and shaded area represent the 95% confidence intervals based on data extracted from Naarding et al.²³) on an age range of 0–25 years. Note that plot d is a zoomed in version of plot e for the age range 5–12 years.