Table 1 Demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics of study participants

From: Dysbiosis of a microbiota–immune metasystem in critical illness is associated with nosocomial infections

Characteristics

ICU patients (n = 51)

Healthy controls (n = 18)

Demographics

 Age (years), median (range)

61 (20–86)

32 (22–68)

 Male sex, n (%)

31 (60.8)

8 (44.4)

 Female sex, n (%)

20 (39.2)

10 (55.6)

Ethnicity, n (%)

 White

29 (56.9)

11 (61.1)

 Asian

12 (23.5)

5 (27.8)

 Black

3 (5.8)

1 (5.6)

 Hispanic

1 (2.0)

0

 Indigenous

6 (11.8)

1 (5.6)

Comorbidities

 Diabetes, n (%)

9 (17.6)

2 (11.1)

 Cardiovascular disease, n (%)

15 (29.4)

0

 Chronic lung disease, n (%)

10 (19.6)

2 (11.1)

 Cirrhosis

0

0

 Chronic kidney disease (on dialysis)

0

0

 GERD, n (%)

11 (21.7)

2 (11.1)

 Charlson index, median (range)

1 (0–8)

0 (0–1)

Admission diagnosis, n (%)

 Sepsis

24 (47.1)

NA

 Trauma

12 (23.5)

NA

 Neurological

10 (16.6)

NA

 Medical (other)a

5 (9.8)

NA

Illness severity

 Admission SOFA score, median (range)

8.0 (2–16)

NA

Therapies, n (%)

 Invasive mechanical ventilation

51 (100)

NA

 Antibiotics at ICU admission

28 (54.9)

NA

 Enteral nutrition

51 (100)

NA

 Parenteral nutrition

0 (0)

NA

Outcomes

 Nosocomial infection (to day 30), n (%)

28 (54.9)

NA

 Duration of mechanical ventilation (days), median (range)

6 (1–24)

NA

 Duration of ICU stay (days), median (range)

7 (2–31)

NA

 Duration of hospitalization (days), median (range)

17 (4–207)

NA

 Mortality (to day 30), n (%)

17 (33.3)

NA

  1. aMedical (other) admission diagnoses include cardiac arrest, hemorrhagic shock and pulmonary embolism. NA, not available.