Table 2 App performance based on individual and combined app variables

From: Early detection of autism using digital behavioral phenotyping

 

AUROC (95% CI)

Sensitivity

Specificity

PPVa

NPVa

All app variables

89.9 (3.0)

87.8 (4.9)

80.8 (2.3)

40.6 (8.8)

97.8 (99.7)

Facing forward

83.8 (3.7)

87.8 (4.4)

65.9 (2.6)

27.7 (5.2)

97.3 (99.6)

Gazeb

77.6 (4.0)

63.3 (7.7)

85.4 (1.8)

39.2 (8.4)

94.0 (99.1)

Facial dynamics complexity

75.9 (4.2)

63.3 (6.5)

82.9 (2.3)

35.6 (7.3)

93.8 (99.1)

Head movements

86.4 (3.4)

87.8 (4.1)

74.4 (2.4)

33.9 (6.8)

97.6 (99.7)

Response to name

65.8 (4.4)

83.7 (5.1)

46.6 (2.4)

19.0 (3.2)

95.0 (99.3)

Touch-based (game)

57.6 (4.5)

79.6 (5.2)

39.0 (2.5)

16.3 (2.7)

92.8 (8.9)

All app variables + M-CHAT-R/F score

96.6 (1.8)

91.8 (4.5)

92.1 (1.6)

63.4 (19.7)

98.7 (99.8)

  1. Results represent the performance of the XGBoost model trained to classify autistic and neurotypical groups based on individual and combined app variables (digital phenotypes).
  2. aPPV and NPV values adjusted for population prevalence (Supplementary Table 1).
  3. bGaze silhouette score, gaze speech correlation and gaze percent social.
  4. AUROC, area under the ROC curve.
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