Table 1 Characteristics of the study population

From: Effects of the WHO Labour Care Guide on cesarean section in India: a pragmatic, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized pilot trial

Characteristic

Intervention period (N = 14,814 women)

Control period (N = 11,517 women)

n (%)

n (%)

Maternal age (years)a

23.9 (3.6)

23.4 (3.6)

Maternal age

  

Less than 20

1,020 (6.9)

1,010 (8.8)

20–34

13,572 (91.6)

10,357 (89.9)

35 or more

222 (1.5)

150 (1.3)

Previous cesarean sectionb

  

0

4,282 (55.0)

3,484 (56.7)

1

2,819 (36.2)

2,133 (34.7)

2 or more

682 (8.8)

525 (8.5)

Gravida

  

1

6,394 (43.2)

4,940 (42.9)

2–4

8,160 (55.1)

6,369 (55.3)

5 or more

260 (1.8)

208 (1.8)

Parity

  

0

7,031 (47.5)

5,375 (46.7)

1–3

7,674 (51.8)

6,022 (52.3)

4 or more

109 (0.7)

120 (1.0)

Women receive antenatal care during pregnancy

14,745 (99.5)

11,438 (99.3)

Covid status at admission

  

Positive

32 (0.2)

5 (0.0)

Negative

8,208 (55.4)

9,168 (79.6)

Pending or not done

6,574 (44.4)

2,344 (20.4)

Transferred from another health facility during labor

2,102 (14.2)

1,881 (16.3)

Gestational age at time of birtha

38.3 (2.5)

38.3 (2.6)

  1. aMean and standard deviations are reported.
  2. bMultiparous women only were considered.