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Revised criteria for the diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer’s disease

Nature Medicine volume 30, pages 2121–2124 (2024)Cite this article

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Alzheimer’s disease can be treated by targeting amyloid-β plaques and diagnosed in vivo by biomarkers, prompting the revision of criteria for the diagnosis and staging of this disease.

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Acknowledgements

E. Masliah and L. Ryan are contributing members of the committee and are acknowledged here. E. Masliah is also a member of the steering committee, as are C.R.J. B.D. H.M.S. and M.C.C.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Clifford R. Jack Jr

  2. Global Evidence & Outcomes, Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Scott J. Andrews

  3. Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA

    Thomas G. Beach

  4. Office of Neuroscience, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA

    Teresa Buracchio

  5. The Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York, NY, USA

    Billy Dunn

  6. Neuroscience Global Drug Development, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland

    Ana Graf

  7. Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Oskar Hansson

  8. Memory Clinic, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

    Oskar Hansson

  9. Denali Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA

    Carole Ho

  10. School of Public Health and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

    William Jagust

  11. Department of Neurology, Washington University St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA

    Eric McDade

  12. Experimental Medicine, Department Global Clinical Development H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Jose Luis Molinuevo

  13. Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, WI, USA

    Ozioma C. Okonkwo

  14. University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA

    Luca Pani

  15. Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute (ATRI), Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Michael S. Rafii

  16. Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Emeritus), Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Philip Scheltens

  17. Clinical Research, Acumen Pharmaceuticals, Zionsville, IN, USA

    Eric Siemers

  18. Medical & Scientific Relations Division, Alzheimer’s Association, Chicago, IL, USA

    Heather M. Snyder & Maria C. Carrillo

  19. Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Reisa Sperling

  20. Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Charlotte E. Teunissen

Authors
  1. Clifford R. Jack Jr
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  2. Scott J. Andrews
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  3. Thomas G. Beach
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  4. Teresa Buracchio
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  5. Billy Dunn
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  6. Ana Graf
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  7. Oskar Hansson
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  8. Carole Ho
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  9. William Jagust
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  10. Eric McDade
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  11. Jose Luis Molinuevo
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  12. Ozioma C. Okonkwo
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  13. Luca Pani
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  14. Michael S. Rafii
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  15. Philip Scheltens
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  16. Eric Siemers
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  17. Heather M. Snyder
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  18. Reisa Sperling
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  19. Charlotte E. Teunissen
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  20. Maria C. Carrillo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Clifford R. Jack Jr.

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Competing interests

C.R.J. is employed by Mayo Clinic; receives grant funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Alexander family professorship and the GHR Foundation; served on a data and safety monitoring board for Roche pro bono within the past 36 months with no payments to the individual or institution involved; and received funding from the Alzheimer’s Association for travel and holds index funds. J.S.A. is employed by Takeda Pharmaceuticals and is a minor shareholder for the company; has a leadership or fiduciary role in the Clinical Trials on Alzheimer’s Disease (CTAD) Task Force—Clinical Meaningfulness and Optimizing Therapies, Alzheimer’s Disease PACE Executive Steering Committee and UsAgainstAlzheimer’s—Clinical Meaningfulness Forum; is a former employee of Eli Lilly and Company and is a minor shareholder for the company. T.G.B. is employed by Banner Health; received grant funding from the NIH, Veterans Administration, State of Arizona, Life Molecular Imaging, Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, Avid Radiopharmaceuticals/Eli Lilly and Gates Foundation; received consulting fees from Aprinoia Therapeutics and Acadia Pharmaceuticals, and consulted unpaid for Biogen; received payment or honoraria from the World PD Coalition, Mayo Clinic Florida, Stanford University and the IOS Press-Journal of Parkinson’s Disease; received support for attending meetings from the Alzheimer’s Association, AD/PD/Kenes Group, Mayo Clinic Florida and the Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf; and has a leadership or fiduciary role and stock options with Vivid Genomics. T.B. is employed by the US FDA and has no financial conflicts to disclose. B.D. is a consultant and received consulting fees for his role as an advisor for Arch Venture Partners, Cerveau Technologies, Epilepsy Foundation, F-PRIME Capital, Loulou Foundation and Michael J. Fox Foundation; held a past position of leadership or fiduciary role in the Virginia Neurological Society (past president) and Prothena (director); and holds stock options with Prothena. A.G. is employed by Novartis Pharma AG and has stock options in the company. O.H. is employed by Lund University; received grants or contracts from ADx, AVID Radiopharmaceuticals, Biogen, Eli Lilly, Eisai, Fujirebio, GE Healthcare, Pfizer and Roche; and received consulting fees from AC Immune, Amylyx, Alzpath, BioArctic, Biogen, Cerveau, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Fujirebio, Genentech, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi and Siemens. O.H. is employed by Lund University; received research support to his institution from AVID Radiopharmaceuticals, Biogen, C2N Diagnostics, Eli Lilly, Eisai, Fujirebio, GE Healthcare and Roche; received consultancy or speaker fees within the past 2 years from AC Immune, Alzpath, BioArctic, Biogen, Bristol Meyer Squibb, Cerveau, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Fujirebio, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi and Siemens. C.H. is employed by Denali Therapeutics and has stock options with the company; is a board director for Beam Therapeutics and NGM Therapeutics and has stock options with both companies. W.J. is employed by the University of California, Berkley; received grants or contracts paid to his institution from the US NIA, Roche/Genentech, Alzheimer’s Association and BrightFocus Foundation; received consulting fees from Biogen, Clario, Eisai, Lilly and Prothena; and has stock with Optoceutics and Molecular Medicine. E. McDade is employed by Washington University, St Louis, and received grant funding directly to his institution from NIA, Eli Lilly, Hoffmann-La Roche, Alzheimer’s Association and GHR Foundation; received royalties for work on ‘Methods of diagnosing AD with phosphorylation changes’, which is licensed to C2N with royalties to himself and Washington University; received consulting fees from Alzamend (scientific advisory board member), Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Roche, Grifols, Merck and Sage; received payments from Neurology Live, Kaplan-Projects in Knowledge, and support for travel from Foundation Alzheimer, Alzheimer’s Association and Eisai; has a patent planned, issued or pending on ‘Methods of diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease with phosphorylation changes’; participated on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Alector and Eli Lilly, both roles for which he was paid; and has a leadership or fiduciary role in Alzamend (paid). J.L.M. is a full-time employee of H. Lundbeck A/S. O.O. is employed by University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health and received support paid to his institution from the following grants: R01AG062167, R01AG077507, U19AG024904, U19AG078109, U19AG073153, R01AG066203, R01AG070028, R01AG027161 and RF1AG052324; received consulting fees from Mayo Clinic Rochester and IUPUI; holds a leadership or fiduciary role in the International Neuropsychological Society (board member); and previously held an advisory role for Society for Black Neuropsychology. L.P. is employed by the University of Miami and the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia and has no financial conflicts to disclose; in unrelated areas, he holds options/stocks from Relmada Therapeutics (US) and NetraMark (Canada). M.R. is employed by University of Southern California and the Alzheimer’s Therapeutics Research Institute (ATRI); received grants or contracts paid to his institution from Eisai (AHEAD study) and Eli Lilly (A4 study); received consulting fees from AC Immune and Ionis; and has participated on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Alzheon, Aptah Bio, Biohaven, Embic, Keystone Bio, Prescient Imaging and Positrigo. P.S. is employed by Life Science Partners and is professor emeritus Amsterdam University Medical Center; received grants or contracts paid to his institution from Novo Nordisk, Toyama, UCB, AC Immune and Alzheon; has an unpaid leadership position as chair of World Dementia Council and holds stock options in EQT AB. E.S. is employed by Acumen Pharmaceuticals; received consulting fees from Biogen, Cogstate, Cortexyme, Partner Therapeutics, Pinteon Therapeutics, Prothena, Vaccinex, Acumen, Pharmaceuticals, Gates Ventures LLC and Hoffman La Roche and payments were made to Siemers Integration LLC; participated on a data safety monitoring board for Hoffman La Roche; and has had a leadership or fiduciary role with the Alzheimer’s Association and BrightFocus Foundation, both unpaid; holds stock options and is a shareholder for Acumen Pharmaceuticals, and is a shareholder for Eli Lilly and Company. H.S. is a full-time employee of the Alzheimer’s Association, Chicago, has a spouse who is employed by Abbott Laboratories in an unrelated area, and has no financial conflicts to disclose. R.S. is employed by Brigham and Women’s Hospital; received grants or contracts from the US NIA, Eli Lilly (public–private partnership trial funding), Eisai (public–private partnership trial funding), Alzheimer’s Association and GHR Foundation; and received consulting fees from Abbvie, AC Immune, Acumen, Alector, Alnylam, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cytox, Genentech, Ionis, Janssen, NervGen, Neuraly, Neurocentria, Oligomerix, Prothena, Roche, Shionogi and Vaxxinity. C.E.T. is employed by Amsterdam UMC; received grants or contracts for research from the European Commission (Marie Curie International Training Network, grant 86019, MIRIADE), Innovative Medicines Initiatives 3TR (Horizon 2020, grant 831434) EPND (IMI 2 Joint Undertaking, grant 101034344) and JPND (bPRIDE), National MS Society (Progressive MS Alliance), Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation, Alzheimer Association, Health Holland, the Dutch Research Council (ZonMW), including TAP-dementia, a ZonMw funded project (10510032120003) in the context of the Dutch National Dementia Strategy, Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation, The Selfridges Group Foundation, Alzheimer Netherlands; is recipient of ABOARD, public–private partnership receiving funding from ZonMW (73305095007) and Health–Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health (PPP-allowance; LSHM20106); is a contract researcher for ADx Neurosciences, AC-Immune, Aribio, Axon Neurosciences, Beckman-Coulter, BioConnect, Bioorchestra, Brainstorm Therapeutics, Celgene, Cognition Therapeutics, EIP Pharma, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Fujirebio, Grifols, Instant Nano Biosensors, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Olink, PeopleBio, Quanterix, Roche, Siemens, Toyama, Vivoryon and the European Commission; received payment or honoraria to her institution from Eli Lilly, Grifols, Novo Nordisk, Olink and Roche; serves on editorial boards of Medidact Neurologie/Springer and Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation, and is editor of Alzheimer Research and Therapy. M.C. is a full-time employee of the Alzheimer’s Association, has a daughter in the neuroscience program at the University of South Carolina, and has no financial conflicts to disclose.

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Jack, C.R., Andrews, S.J., Beach, T.G. et al. Revised criteria for the diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer’s disease. Nat Med 30, 2121–2124 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-02988-7

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