Fig. 1: Mitochondrial respiration in PBMCs.

a, Box plots and Tukey HSD post hoc test for basal OCR in PBMCs as a function of diagnostic category. OCR was measured using the XFe24 Analyzer in 218 participants (50 controls, 69 HTG and 99 NTG). NTG patients had the lowest basal OCR (mean (s.d.): 19.2 (±4.1) pmol min⁻¹ per 100,000 cells) followed by HTG (mean (s.d.): 21.6 (±3.9) pmol min⁻¹ per 100,000 cells) and controls (mean (s.d.): 26.8 (±5.5) pmol min⁻¹ per 100,000 cells). The box plots display the distribution of basal OCR values within each diagnostic category. Each box plot represents the IQR of the data, with the horizontal line inside the box indicating the median value. The lower and upper bounds of the box represent the first and third quartiles, respectively. The ‘whiskers’ extend to the minimum and maximum values within 1.5 times the IQR from the lower and upper quartiles, respectively. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD test to control family type I errors for post hoc pairwise comparisons. No adjustment for multiple comparisons was made for all other tests. Specifically, NTG versus control comparison yielded a P value of <0.0001, HTG versus control comparison yielded a P value of <0.0001 and HTG versus NTG comparison yielded a P value of 0.001. Significant differences with **P < 0.01 and ****P < 0.0001. b, Forest plot shows the results of the multivariable linear regression model for factors associated with basal OCR in 218 participants (50 controls, 69 HTG and 99 NTG). Blue, red, green and purple circles represent β estimates from the multivariable regression model, and the horizontal bars represent the corresponding 95% CIs. The model predicts that having NTG is associated with basal OCR being 8.5 pmol min⁻¹ per 100,000 cells lower than controls (P < 0.001) and having HTG is associated with basal OCR being 5.6 pmol min⁻¹ per 100,000 cells lower than controls (P < 0.001).