Fig. 5: Diet and disease association of the rMLS in the NHS cohorts.
a, Change in rMLS by substitution of 8% total energy from saturated fat for isocaloric energy intake from alternative macronutrient sources, that is, protein, carbohydrates or unsaturated fats (n = 10,381). The center indicates the β-coefficient, and whiskers indicate the 95% CI. b, Spearman correlation between established diet scores and rMLS (sample sizes for respective correlations: LCD, n = 6,045; animal-based LCD score (ALCD), n = 6,045; vegetable-based LCD score (VLCD), n = 6,045; aMed, n = 6,593; AHEI, n = 6,370). c, T2D (n case–control pairs = 728) and stroke (n case–control pairs = 336) risk in relation to baseline rMLS levels and 10-year rMLS change (n case–control pairs = 244). Data for change analyses are not available for stroke. The T2D case–control study was matched for age, race, fasting status (all fasted), ethnicity and season of blood collection, and conditional logistic regression models were adjusted for the AHEI, smoking status and subsequently BMI; the stroke case–control study was matched for age, fasting and smoking status, and conditional logistic regression models were adjusted for the AHEI and subsequently BMI.
