Extended Data Fig. 1: Stratified GEE to compare HPV vaccination-specific consultation with health professionals between two arms.

Forest plot shows adjusted RR with two-sided 95% CI comparing HPV vaccination-specific consultation rates between chatbot and usual care groups in each subgroup. The data present estimates from ITT analyses using stratified GEE models, with class as the cluster unit. The models adjusted for stratification variables and confounders including parents’ characteristics (age, education level, employment, income, self/spouse HPV vaccination) and daughters’ characteristics (age, only child, left-behind child, sexual education, influenza vaccination). Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 (two-tailed). CNY, Chinese Yuan.