Fig. 2: Explained variance for BMI in adult populations.
From: Polygenic prediction of body mass index and obesity through the life course and across ancestries
a, Explained variance for BMI in UKBB tuning populations, defined as adjusted R2 of the rank-based inverse-normal transformed BMI (by sex) predicted by the PGS, incremental to age, genotyping array and ancestry principal components. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from 1,000 bootstrap resamples. The ancestry-matched PGS is the best-performing PRS-CS score using ancestry-specific GWAS summary statistics. The genome-wide significant score reflects a weighted sum of near-independent SNPs obtained from approximate COJO multi-SNP analyses of a fixed-effect meta-analysis of all contributing GWASs. The multi-ancestral PGSLC reflects the best-performing PRS-CSx score consisting of a linear combination of five ancestry-specific scores, with weights being specific to the validation population (for example, AFR). Population labels follow PAN-UKBB assignment of genetically determined ancestry. Sample sizes (distinct individuals): African 6,154; Admixed American 971; Middle Eastern 1,553; East Asian 2,660; Central/South Asian 8,005; European 20,000. b, Explained variance for BMI within validation populations, comparing the multi-ancestry PGSLC to a previously published score (PGSKhera) based on a smaller BMI GWAS meta-analysis. Same R2 definition and CI estimation as in a. Population descriptors reflect a combination of self-identified ethnicity and genetic similarity. For the MVP’s non-Hispanic Asian (AS) group, the result shown is for the PGSLC using the linear combination weights derived from UKBB-EAS. Sample sizes (distinct individuals), from left to right: AFR 12,263, 2,332, 18,701; AMR 10,281, 8,096; AS 4,201; EAS 1,359; SAS 1,177; EUR 13,673, 69,828, 340,224. c, Separation in BMI, body fat percentage (BF%) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) across deciles of the PGSLC within the validation subset of the UKBB participants of European-like ancestry (n ~ 340,000). All traits were rank-based inverse-normal transformed by sex.
