Table 3 Characteristics of the four participants with virological failure

	Participant 1	Participant 2	Participant 3	Participant 4
Injection adherence and virological failure
Time in trial at virological failure, weeks	48	48	72	72
Delayed injections (>7 days from target), n (%)	0	0	0	0
Viral load, copies ml⁻¹	8608; 1612	44984; no repeat	798; 563	259; 16161
Rilpivirine resistance mutations*	V108I, E138K	K103N/S, V106V/A, E138A, M230M/L	Test failed	E138A
Rilpivirine resistance level^†	Intermediate	High	Test failed	Low
Cabotegravir resistance mutations*	E92E/V, N155H, L74M	G118R	Test failed	Q148R (M50I)
Cabotegravir resistance level^†	Intermediate	High	Test failed	High
Dolutegravir resistance level^†	Potential low	High	Test failed	Low
NRTI mutations*	Nil	Nil	Nil	Nil
Outcome after failure	Viral load resuppressed on TLD	Died (unrelated cause)	Viral load resuppressed on TLD	Viral load resuppressed on TLD
Baseline characteristics and treatment course
Sex	Female	Male	Male	Male
BMI, kg m⁻²	25.9	22.0	22.2	19.9
Duration of prior antiretroviral therapy, months	24	28	33	12
Prior exposure to NNRTI	No	No	Yes	No
Antiretroviral therapy regimen at baseline	TLD	TLD	TLD	TLD
Viral subtype^‡	A1	D	A1	C
Rilpivirine resistance mutations^§	Nil	K103N/S, E138A	E138A	Nil
Rilpivirine resistance level^†	Nil	Low	Low	Nil
Cabotegravir resistance mutations^§	L74M	Nil	Test failed	Nil
Cabotegravir resistance level^†	Low	Nil	Test failed	Nil

TLD, tenofovir, lamivudine and dolutegravir.
*Resistance mutations listed in the 2022 edition of the International Antiviral Society-USA drug resistance mutations list.
^†Susceptibility determined using Stanford risk algorithm
^‡Baseline subtype was determined from sequencing of DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Subtype was identified from reverse transcriptase sequence and determined by reference to the Los Alamos National Laboratory HIV Sequence Database.
^§Baseline resistance mutations were determined from sequencing of DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Resistance mutations listed in the 2022 edition of the International Antiviral Society-USA drug resistance mutations list. None of the baseline sequences had APOBEC mutations.

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