Extended Data Fig. 3: Supporting data for the annotation of the integrated rice root tip cell atlas.

a, Expression patterns of published cell type marker genes in the integrated rice root tip cell atlas generated by FX-Cell, FXcryo-Cell, and cryoFX-Cell (Fig. 3g; Supplementary Table 1). The diameter of the points represents the proportion of cells expressing a specific gene within a given cluster, while the color of the points indicates the relative expression level of the gene. Ep, epidermis; Rh, root hairs; Rc, root cap; Ex, exodermis; Vc, vascular cylinder; Xy, xylem; Ph, phloem; Pe, pericycle; En, endodermis; Me, meristem-like cells; Co, cortex. b, Cluster similarity analysis. The rice root tip cell clusters generated by traditional scRNA-seq and FX-Cell were compared. The overlap ratios of marker genes (left) and GO signaling pathways (right) of each cluster are given. An overlap coefficient greater than or equal to 0.4 (dashed line) is considered indicative of high similarity. c, Representative images showing the harvested rice root tips (white dashed boxes) for FX-Cell (Fig. 2e). The rice seeds were geminated and cultured on plates. Please note that, compared to the sample used by Zhang et al.³⁷, the sample used for FX-Cell developed fewer root hairs (magnified images on the right side) due to the increased water availability in the plates. Scale bars, 0.5 cm. Three independent experiments were performed.