Extended Data Fig. 3: Statistical determination of response groups.
(a) Histograms of transience index for delayed-ON, ON, ON–OFF, and OFF types. Based on k-means clustering with a given cluster number (2 clusters), ROIs were grouped into two kinetics groups: sustained (smaller transience index) and transient. After labeling kinetics for each ROI, we computed a dominance of the response kinetics for each group and statistically examined if each group was dominated by a single kinetics type (“Slow” or “Fast”). If a group was not dominated by a single kinetics type, the group was defined as “Undefined”. In the end, all groups were separated into three categories: sustained, transient, and undefined. The same clustering procedures were performed for response latency. 689 ROIs in a retina. (b and c) Population of response-determined kinetics groups for time course (b) and transience (c). (d) Histogram of receptive field sizes of GABA signals. Based on k-means clustering and silhouette score, we determined four receptive field types: small, small-medium (s-medium), large-medium (l-medium), and large. 7098 ROIs, 11 retinae. (e) Top, population of receptive field categories in individual GABA signal groups. Bottom, dominance of receptive field categories. +, groups significantly dominated by a single receptive field category. (f) Histogram of orientation bias index (OBI) in individual receptive fields. Inset, two example receptive fields with different OBI. Based on k-means clustering, ROIs were labeled as not biased (darker blue) or biased (light blue). (g) Relative frequency of orientation bias labels in those GABA signal groups. Colors are denoted in (f). (h) Responses to static flashes with different contrasts (2 s duration, 500 μm spot) in example ROIs. (i) Relationship between contrast sensitivity and non-linearity in contrast response tuning curves. Circles represent the average for each group (color-coded 49 groups). Individual groups were divided into 2 contrast sensitivity (higher vs lower) and two non-linearity (linear vs non-linear) by k-means clustering with cluster number, 2 (Extended Data Fig. 2i, dotted lines). (j) Contrast tuning curves of groups denoted in (h). G28, linear type. G33, non-linear type. G14, lower contrast sensitive type. (k) Left, distribution of contrast sensitivity categories (gray, high threshold; dark gray, low threshold) (top) and dominance of each category (bottom). +, groups significantly dominated by a single category. Right, distribution of non-linearity categories (gray, linear; dark gray, linear). Error bars, s.e.m.
