Extended Data Fig. 3: Super-resolution STED microscopy demonstrates spatial precision of proximity labeling.

a. Bead imaging illustrates the resolution difference between confocal microscopy (250 nm) and STED microscopy (50 nm). Scale bar = 250 nm. b-c. Representative confocal and STED images of proximity labeling in human postmortem brains showing (B) paranodes (anti-CASPR, magenta) and (C) internodes (anti-MAG, magenta), with biotinylated proteins detected by streptavidin (green); scale bars: (B) 500 nm, (C) 5 μm. d. A representative line plot shows the radius measurements of signals from the secondary antibody channel (magenta) and the streptavidin channel (green). e. A dot plot showing the radius ratio between the secondary antibody (magenta) and streptavidin (green). The average radius ratio is 1.07 (SD= 0.1); the orange line indicates the median, with the lower and upper edges representing the 25th (Q1) and 75th (Q3) percentiles. Whiskers extend to the minimum and maximum values within 1.5 times the interquartile range, and outliers (pink circles) are plotted individually (and excluded from analysis). Each dot represents a myelin segment (n = 45).