Extended Data Fig. 1: Retrograde labeling and PPC activity sequences.

a, Sorted behavioral performance in all sessions computed as either the fraction of trials with correct decisions (left y-axis) or the information needed to achieve this performance computed as the mutual information between the reward direction and animal’s choice (right y-axis; the relationship between fraction correct and information is computed for each value of performance on the left y-axis using methods explained at the end of ‘Estimation of Mutual information for single neurons’). The dashed line represents the mean performance level and its corresponding mutual information value. Each color represents individual mouse. b, Behavioral performance presented for each mouse and each session. Each line represents a single mouse, and sessions are sorted from lowest to highest performance. c, The fraction of error trials in each epoch of session (each session is binned into 10 epochs from start to the end). d, Injection sites for retrograde tracers in three different target areas to label PPC projection cells. e, Distribution of pairwise distances for pairs of non-labeled neurons or pairs of neurons projecting to the same area. f, The mean pairwise distance between different all pair combinations of non-labeled or projecting neurons. Error bars are the s.e.m. computed over all possible pairs of simultaneously recorded cells. g, Example two-photon imaging field of view for three channels with different colors and the merged image. Images are 200 μm on each side. Data from 10 mice and 59 experimental sessions were collected and used. h, Similar to Fig. 1d, normalized deconvolved calcium activity of PPC neurons sorted based on the cross-validated peak time, for populations of non-labeled cells and cells projecting to contralateral PPC, RSC, or ACC. Vertical gray lines represent onsets of sample cue, delay, test cue, turn to arms, and reward. Gray dashed lines correspond to 1 s before turn and 0.5 s before reward.