Fig. 5: Adult SC OLGs show developmental HOX chromatin domains.

a, nanoCUT&Tag and snATAC–seq genome browser tracks showing H3K27ac, H3K27me3 and ATAC pseudobulk signals in OLGs at the HOXA in CSC (upright track, darker shade) and motor cortex (inverted track, lighter shade). b, Same as in a, but for the HOXD locus. c, Gaussian smoothed normalized signal from ATAC (blue), H3K27ac (green) and H3K27me3 (red) across the HOXA cluster with a 50-kb flanking region upstream and downstream. Gray bars show the locations of the cumulative ‘signal boundaries’ identified in each modality. Color intensity reflects the cumulative strength of the signal boundary. d, Same as in c, but with each modality separated out. HOXA directionality is shown at the top, and arrows beneath show the medium (two modalities) and strong (three modalities) signal boundaries. e, nanoCUT&Tag and snATAC–seq genome browser track of the HOXA cluster showing the location of the strong signal boundaries and the corresponding inactive, primed and silenced chromatin domains. f, nanoCUT&Tag and snATAC–seq genome browser tracks showing the ATAC (blue), H3K27ac (green) and H3K27me3 (red) pseudobulk signal in the microglial and astrocyte populations at HOXD in both SC (CSC) and cortex (BA4). g, nanoCUT&Tag genome browser track around the HOXD locus (marked with dotted lines) with H3K27me3 (red) and H3K27ac (green) pseudobulk signal in SC OLGs. Single-cell tracks are shown below and sorted by decreasing H3K27me3 signal. Group 1 cells exhibit moderate H3K27me3 at the 3′ end, while group 2 cells show H3K27me3 depletion, and the amount of H3K27ac remains the same in both groups, suggesting that group 2 cells may be expressing low levels of HOX genes.