Supplementary Figure 2: Spine coordinate system for fluorescent spot tracking.

Red fluorescence images of bacteria in a microchannel at 3 successive frames: F, F+1 and F+2. Magnified images show the spine coordinate system, with the segmented contour of the cell in yellow, the spine in pink and the spine radial directions in blue. The spine coordinates of a spot (red arrow) at frame F appear in red. The same spot is observed at frame F+1 and F+2 (green arrows). At frames F+1 and F+2, the projection of the spot from frame F is indicated with a red arrow and its projected coordinates appear in red. The distance between the location of the spot at frame F and its location at frame F+1 (or between frames F+1 and F+2) is the distance between the green and red arrow.