Fig. 4
From: Cliopatria - A geospatial database of world-wide political entities from 3400BCE to 2024CE

Size of polities versus time. The lower curve represents the area of the single largest polity. The upper curve is the sum of the areas of the three largest polities. Compare data to Taagepera34 Figs. 1 and 2. There is no essential difference. Maximum land area of the Earth is 133 M km2, excluding Antarctica; note log scale.